Ability to Respond Total:21 / 25Ability to Respond = ( Ease of Response + Tools in Place )
Confidence:Medium
Confidence Notes:
Impact
Spread
Notes
Score
Spread Rate
NDV is spread primarily through direct contact between healthy birds and the bodily discharges of infected birds. NDV spreads rapidly among birds kept in confinement, such as commercially raised chickens.
5
Spread Amount
High concentrations of the NDV are found in birds' bodily discharges; therefore, the disease can be spread easily by mechanical means.
5
Damage
Notes
Score
Ecological
Free-ranging wild birds should be of minimal importance in spreading the virus and migratory birds appear to have no impact on the spread of the virus
1
Agricultural
The taxon has an extremely high mortality rate and can spread quickly in concentrated environments. In 2002-2003 there was an outbreak in California.
5
Infrastructure
0
Cultural
The loss of native birds could take a toll both on nature's aesthetics, as well as birdwatching hobbyists
2
Health
Humans can become infected with END, but it has minimal health effects. People may develop mild signs of infection (malaise) or conjunctivitis, which should clear up in about a week.
1
Benefit
Notes
Score
Ecological
0
Agricultural
0
Infrastructure
0
Cultural
0
Health
In 1999, promising results were reported using an attenuated strain of the Newcastle virus codenamed MTH-68 in cancer patients by researchers who had isolated the strain in 1968.
4
Total
15
Ability to Respond
Ease of Response
Notes
Score
Detection
The signs of END are fairly obvious and can be detected with a well-established test. Also, its transmission pathways are well understood.
4
Control
Due to its highly infectious properties, it is very difficult to control. Quarantine and slaughter is the only method.
2
Tools in Place
Notes
Score
Entry
There are strict regulations against importing birds from foreign countries with END. Also, once detected in the country, there are strict regulations against moving any birds from the infected population.
5
Control
Quarantine and slaughter is mandated
5
Outreach
There are a great deal of explanatory and guiding resources for farmers, researchers, and the public
